How fast does water need to come out?
As fast as a crew can be dispatched, because the EPA advises drying water-damaged materials within 24 to 48 hours to head off mold. After that window, wet organic materials such as pad, drywall paper and wood framing start to support mold growth, and more of the house must be cut out.
That 24 to 48 hours is not a countdown to disaster, and it is not a promise any company can make about arrival. It is a reason to call early, take photographs and start protecting belongings while you wait. A crew is dispatched as fast as one is available, and the dispatcher will tell you honestly what the wait looks like when you call.
While you wait, lift furniture legs onto foil or blocks, pull rugs, and move boxes off the floor. Do not run a household vacuum on standing water, and do not walk through water that has touched an outlet.
Why does the type of water matter before pumping starts?
Clean water can usually be pumped and the materials dried in place, while gray water and sewage mean protective gear and removal of anything porous. The category is judged before the pump goes in, because it decides what stays in the house and who should be standing in the water.
A burst supply line starts as clean water, but a spill that sat for days in a closed basement may not be clean anymore. Likewise, a river or storm-water flood carries mud and whatever it has washed over. The technician makes that judgement, tells you what they see and what they plan to do, and records it in the paperwork.
If water came up through a floor drain or toilet, treat it as contaminated and stay out until the crew arrives.
What happens to the water once it is pumped?
Pumped water is directed to a drain or discharge point the crew can legally use, and contaminated water is handled differently from clean water. Where the water goes depends on what is in it and what the property can accept. The technician decides this before hoses are run.
Clean water from a supply line can often be sent to a nearby floor drain, laundry sink or yard. Water from a sewer backup is not discharged casually, and it should never be run into a storm drain. In neighborhoods with combined sewers, heavy volumes of water pushed into the system during a storm can add to the problem the building is already having.
That is one reason the crew asks questions on the phone. Where did the water come from, how long has it been there, and has anything come up through a drain?
Which belongings can be saved, and which cannot?
Hard, nonporous items such as glass, metal and sealed plastic usually survive clean water. Upholstery, mattresses, cardboard and particleboard furniture are harder to save, and anything that sat in contaminated water is usually discarded. Photograph it all first, because those photographs support any claim.
Sort what you can reach into three piles while you wait: dry and safe, wet but worth drying, and ruined. Books, photographs and papers can be frozen to buy time until someone can deal with them, which is a household trick rather than anything the crew has to do.
Do not throw anything out before it has been photographed, and keep a rough list with approximate ages and values. Your insurer will ask, and memory fades quickly after a loss. The crew will not dispose of your belongings without asking.